History

Course Descriptions

For additional course information including course outlines for current and past courses please contact the History Office, 204.786.9382 or a.armstrong@uwinnipeg.

HIST-1010(6) AN INTRODUCTION TO HISTORY (Le3) Is it important to know about the past? Can we judge people from other times? Is there such a thing as progress? Are there patterns to the past? Do historical "facts" change? Within a relatively small lecture/seminar setting, this course introduces you to the ways in which people try to understand their present by studying their past, and how they communicate these insights to others. It deals with how historians use evidence and what they mean by "change and continuity," "moral judgement," "cause and effect," "specialization," and other ideas. By studying particular periods, places, and problems, students will develop reading, writing, and analytical skills that facilitate independent judgments of the past and its impact upon the present. The content of each section will depend upon the interests and skills of the members of the staff. Students can obtain a list of sections in any particular year from the Department Secretary. Examples of sections taught in previous years are as follows:

HIST-1010(6) ART AND IDEAS (Le3) This course is concerned with the general topic of the relationship between art history and other facets of social, cultural and intellectual history. Specifically it focuses upon the art of Vincent Van Gogh and Kathe Kollwitz, among other artists. Issues dealt with are the use of visual and literary sources, the role of biography in art history, and the artist's place in society.

HIST-1010(6) CANADIAN IMMIGRATION AND SETTLEMENT (Le3) This section traces the development of modern Canada through immigration. We will examine the provincial and federal policies that determined the immigration and settlement process and explore the social, economic, cultural, and international factors that shaped the experiences of immigrants.

HIST-1010(6) ANCIENT AND MODERN CONFLICTS (Le3)  This section will study the Peloponnesian War and classical Athens, seeking to explore both the difficulties and the rewards of historical interpretation. How we discover historical facts and make historical judgments will be further explored in selected studies of modern historical events, such as the American Civil War, the Russian Revolution, the beginning of the Pacific War in 1941, or the origins of the Cold War.

HIST-1010(6) ISSUES IN THE HISTORY OF WOMEN IN CANADA (Le3) This course will examine the political, economic, and social roles of women during four centuries of Canada's history. Special attention will be paid to the experiences of women from a variety of ethnic backgrounds and social classes throughout Canada.

HIST-1010(6) EUROPE: FAMOUS ISSUES AND CONTROVERSIES, ANCIENT TO MODERN (Le3) This section will deal with certain major historical issues from European civilization. For example, the concept of Imperialism will be treated through Ancient Rome, that of Great Men through the Reformation controversy, that of Revolution through eighteenth- century France, and that of class conflict through industrializing Europe.

HIST-1010(6) CANADIAN SOCIAL HISTORY: CONFLICT AND CHANGE (Le3) This section will cover selected themes in modern Canadian social history. Among the subjects covered will be classes and ethnic groups, sex roles, urban development, and the lives and organizations of working people. Particular attention will be paid to the Winnipeg General Strike.

HIST-1010(6) ABORIGINAL PEOPLES OF THE AMERICAS This section examines a selected series of historical encounters between Aboriginal peoples of the Americas and European newcomers. It analyzes the problems and limitations of doing history across cultural frontiers and through documentary and other sources that are sparse, ethnocentric, and otherwise limited in their scope and perspectives. 

HIST-1010(6) EUROPE IN CONFLICT, 1789-1945 (Le3) By focusing on the theme of conflict in Europe from the French Revolution to the Cold War, this section will examine the impact of revolution and war on the development of European society.

HIST-1010(6) SOCIAL AND POLITICAL IDEAS IN EUROPEAN HISTORY (Le3) This section will survey the course of Western Civilization from ancient times to the present through an emphasis on ideas about social and political structures such as governing institutions, economic organizations, social divisions, religious beliefs, and relations between the sexes.

HIST-1010(6) TOPICS IN WESTERN CANADIAN HISTORY (Le3) This section of history will use the social history of western Canada as a vehicle. 

HIST-1010(6) WOMEN AND GENDER (Le3) This course is directed primarily at first-year students with an interest in European history. It aims to provide an introduction to two significant historical themes - women and gender - in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. This section is designed to introduce students to the discipline of history through critical and analytical readings of primary and secondary sources, research, and writing.

HIST-1010(6) MENNONITES AND THE MODERN WORLD (Le3) This course is a history of the ethnic identity and religious faith of the Mennonites from the 16th century to the present. Students will interpret the writings of the Mennonites, including their letters, memoirs, and diaries. These sources will show how Mennonites related to such modern phenomena as Protestantism, nationalism, capitalism, feminism, and global culture. The course will trace the Mennonites as they migrated from Europe to North America and as they established themselves in Asia, South America, and Africa. Cross-listed: Mennonite Studies MENN-1010(6).

HIST-1010(6) WORLD HISTORY (Le3) This section surveys world history from approximately 1300 to the present. Topics include the Mongols, Ming China, Mughal India, Africa, and the Atlantic slave trade, the Industrial Revolution and political revolutions of the eighteenth and nineteenth century, culminating with the colonial and post-colonial periods in Africa and Asia. The emphasis throughout will be on an examination of world history processes through cultural contact and change.

HIST-1010(6) CANADIAN ISSUES: CARTIER TO CHRÉTIEN (Le3) This section will examine the central issues and debates in the social, economic, and political history of Canada from New France to the present day.

HIST-1010(6) CANADIAN POLITICS AND CONSTITUTION (Le3) By focusing on social and economic factors, this course will explore the evolution of Canada’s political culture and constitutional settlement.

HIST-1010(6) ART AND HISTORY (Le3) This course will consider the relationship between art and its historical contexts, discussing both the art works' conditions of production and their subsequent interpretations. Visual art (which may include traditional forms such as painting and sculpture, and other media such as photography, dance, film and television) will be investigated as historical evidence, human expression and political discourse. Questions of gender and race will be addressed. Field trips to local exhibitions and architectural sites will be arranged during class time.

HIST-1010(6) LATIN AMERICAN SOCIAL HISTORY (Le3) The social history of Latin America has been shaped by forces such as economic development, imperial rivalries and race, gender and class relations. By using “lecture series” varying in length from two to four class periods, these forces will be elaborated from the pre-contact era to the mid twentieth century.

HIST-1010(6) ISLAMIC WORLD (Le3) This course is a survey of Islamic history from its very beginning to the present. It aims to give a better understanding of the present situation of the Islamic World by studying the past. It examines how historians use primary sources to construct their versions of the past.

HIST-1010(6) MEDIEVAL WORLD (Le3) This course is an introduction to medieval history and culture that focuses on the people of the Middle Ages especially those who were particularly admired or vilified. The course explores how their lives were shaped by the society in which they lived, and how legends about them have influenced western values and ideals down to the present. The course introduces students to selected methods and materials of historical research and writing, current theories and issues, and historiography, through the lens of the Middle Ages.

HIST-1010(6) AFRICAN KINGDOM (Le3) This course is an analysis of cultural, economic and political dimensions of the pre-colonial African kingdoms.

---

2000-Level Courses

HIST-2090(3) TOPICS IN CLASSICAL STUDIES (Le3) This course explores a specific area in the field of Classical Scholarship. The focus of study varies from year to year. Possible topics include Ancient medicine, technology, economics, warfare, and the popular reception of the Classical tradition. Information concerning these course offerings is provided by the Department. Restrictions: This course may be repeated when the topic varies. Cross-listed: Classics CLAS-2010(3).

HIST-2096(6) THE HISTORY OF ANCIENT ROME (Le3) Lectures trace the history of Rome from the legendary foundations of the city through to the reign of Constantine. Major events of the Republic and the first three centuries of the Empire are explored. Particular emphasis is placed upon the expansion of Rome’s power throughout Italy and the Mediterranean, the forces which brought about the transformation of the Roman style of government from Monarchy to Republic to Empire, and the problems which attended these changes. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2106(6) and or HIST-2107(6) may not receive credit for HIST-2096(6) Cross-listed: Classics CLAS-2096(6).

HIST-2104(6) ANCIENT GREEK HISTORY (Le3) The course will trace the history of Greece from 800 B.C. until the rise of Macedon. Special emphasis will be placed on the social, political, and economic evolution of the Greek city-states (in particular Athens and Sparta), the failure of the Greeks to achieve unity, and their consequent vulnerability to external threats. Restrictions: Students with standing in the former HIST-2091(6) may not receive credit for HIST-2104(6). Cross-listed: Classics CLAS-2091(6).

HIST-2108(3) MENNONITE STUDIES I (Le3) This course offers a survey of the origins and history of the Anabaptists in Switzerland, the Netherlands, Germany, Prussia, and Russia. Attention will be given to the interaction of religion and culture in the history of European Mennonites. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3108(3) may not receive credit for HIST-2108(3). Cross-listed: Mennonite Studies I, MENN-2101(3).

HIST-2109(3) MENNONITE STUDIES II (Le3) This course offers a survey of the immigration and resettlement of Mennonites in Russia and in North and South America. The course will include a study of the origins and distinctive characteristics of particular Mennonite groups and conclude with a brief survey of Mennonites around the world. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3109(3) may not receive credit for HIST-2109(3). Cross-listed: Mennonite Studies II, MENN-2102(3).

HIST-2110(6) THE TWENTIETH-CENTURY WORLD (Le3) This course offers an historical approach to the characteristic problems, new or inherited, of the twentieth century, e.g., problems of industrialism; nationalism; balance of power; racial conflicts; imperial rivalries; origins, character, and results of World War I; totalitarian experiments; the Second World War; problems of the post-war period; the contemporary world-scene; the United Nations' difficulties and achievements. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2100(6) may not receive credit for HIST-2110(6).

HIST-2112(6) WAR AS A SOCIAL INSTITUTION (Le3) This course offers a survey of the effects of war on the development of Western society, and the reciprocal effects of social forces on the art of war, from the ancient Greeks to the Nuclear Age. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3103(6) may not receive credit for HIST-2112(6).

HIST-2113(6) A HISTORY OF SLAVERY (Le3) This course offers an historical survey of the institution of slavery from ancient times to the twentieth century. Emphasis will be placed on slavery as the basis of imperial and economic systems, the African and New World experience, and the slavery of the twentieth century. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3102(6) may not receive credit for HIST-2113(6)

HIST-2114(3) FROM COLUMBUS TO COOK: EUROPEAN ENCOUNTERS WITH OTHERS, 1450-1800 (Le3) From the era of Christopher Columbus until the voyages of James Cook to the Pacific in the 1770s, Europeans established sustained contacts with peoples across the globe. This course is a thematic survey of the commercial, religious, diplomatic, violent, and intimate interactions between early modern Europeans and peoples in Africa, Asia, the Americas, and the Pacific. Topics discussed may include Portuguese traders and missionaries in West Africa, the Spanish conquest of the Inca and Aztec Empires, Aboriginal peoples and settler colonialism in North America, European diplomacy and trade in Asia, and the first encounters between the British and Aboriginal Australians.

HIST-2116(6) SURVEY HISTORY OF LATIN AMERICA (Le3) This lecture course is an overview of the history of Central and South America. The course will study the aboriginal experience before European expansion into the region, then examine the effect of colonization on the cultural, political, and social structures of the region. The course concludes with an examination of the modern, post-colonial period.

HIST-2117(3) FROM SUGAR AND SLAVES TO SAMBA AND SOCCER: HISTORY OF BRAZIL (Le3) This survey examines the main social, political, economic, and cultural developments in Brazil from the early colonial period to the present. Topics include indigenous peoples and their interactions with Europeans, Portuguese colonization, sugar and slavery, the gold rush, the exiled Portuguese monarchy, coffee economy and society, slave emancipation, industrialization and urban growth, changes in the Amazon region, and cultural developments such as samba and soccer.

HIST-2120(3) THE HISTORY OF MODERN BUSINESS ENTERPRISE (Le3) This course will study those innovations in management, practice, and organization which have facilitated the emergence of the modern business corporation. Beginning with a discussion of traditional forms of production and commerce, the course will examine the challenges that long-distance trade presented for managing commercial operations from the sixteenth through the eighteenth centuries. Of central importance in the course will be the development of the railroad in the nineteenth century, with its decentralized organization and its complex accounting systems, as the first modern corporation. Then, the spread of more complex organizations will be followed into mass production and mass distribution and the development of stock markets from the late nineteenth through the early twentieth centuries. The focus will be upon Canadian and American business, though where appropriate, reference will be made to European experiences.

HIST-2130(6) A HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPING WORLD (Le2, S1) This course examines the historical roots of development and underdevelopment, processes that have led to the emergence of the developing world or Third World as a distinctive, though diverse region. It surveys trends such as colonization, industrialization, militarization and trade in the Africa, Asia and Latin America from the 15^th to the 20^th century. It investigates the ways in which both external pressures and internal dynamics have contributed to continuity and change in these regions. This course will help students to understand the historical context for contemporary changes in developing countries, as well as the context in which particular development theories and practices emerged. Prerequisites: Either 60.1100(6) (Intro to IDS) or HIST-1010(6) (An Intro to History) or CMU 61.100(3) and 61.101(3) (History of Western Civilization I & II) or permission of the instructor. Cross-listed: International Development Studies IDS-2130(6).

HIST-2131(3) HISTORY OF PEACE AND NONVIOLENCE I (Le3) This course examines the history of pacifism, peace movements, and nonviolence from ancient times to the 1700s. It focuses in particular on Europe, with special emphasis on the period from ancient Greece and Rome, to Early Modern times in Western Europe. The course also addresses history of peace in other parts of the world. Thus, it contrasts Christian traditions of nonviolence with those of Hindu, Buddhist and other eastern traditions. For case studies, the course examines Mennonite communities in 16^th and 17^th century Switzerland and the Netherlands. Cross-listed: Mennonite Studies MENN-2131(3), Conflict Resolution Studies CRS-2131(3).

HIST-2132(3) HISTORY OF PEACE AND NONVIOLENCE II (Le3) This course examines the history of pacifism, peace movements, and nonviolence from the 1700s till the present. It focuses in particular on North America, but will also cover selected events in other parts of the world. The course, thus, contrasts Christian traditions of nonviolence with those of aboriginal, secular, and eastern cultures. For case studies, the course examines Mennonite communities in 19^th and 20^th century Canada and the United States where Mennonites have embraced pacifism as a fundamental principle of social organization. Cross-listed: Mennonite Studies MENN-2132(3), Conflict Resolution Studies CRS-2132(3).

HIST-2133(3) GLOBAL MIGRATION HISTORY (Le3) This lecture course surveys the diversity of worldwide migrations in the modern period. Topics include exploration and conquest; merchants, mercenaries, and missionaries; slavery and unfree migration; imperialism, settlement and labour migrations, and refugees. Concepts discussed include international migration systems; transnational life, culture, and society; diaspora; voluntary and forced migration.

HIST-2170(6) ISLAM AND THE WEST (Le3) This course examines the political, social, and cultural relations between the European and Islamic worlds from the Seventh Century to the present. Unlike many other non-Western societies, Islam developed in close and mutual contact with European Christendom. This relationship is discussed through several themes, including the transmission of scientific knowledge, the changing balance of military and economic power that paved the way for European empires to rise to world dominance, and the formation and legacy of cultural stereotypes on both sides.

HIST-2211(3) EUROPE IN THE MIDDLE AGES 300-1350 (Le3)  This course is a survey of the political, social, and cultural history of Western Europe between the division of the Roman Empire and the end of the High Middle Ages. It studies the origins of peoples and the growth of institutions by which Western Europe has been shaped, and the cultural developments which culminated in the Gothic churches and schools. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2200(3), HIST-2214(6), HIST-2310(6) or HIST-2311(3) may not receive credit for HIST-2211(3).

HIST-2212(3) EUROPE BETWEEN THE MEDIEVAL AND MODERN WORLDS 1350-1650 (Le3) This course is a survey of the political, social, and cultural history of Western Europe between the Black Death and the end of the religious wars; the economic and political recovery of Europe, the expansion of Europe overseas, the Reformation in religion, and the new developments in science and arts during the Renaissance and Baroque periods. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2201(3) or HIST-2310(3) or HIST-2312(3) may not receive credit for HIST-2212(3).

HIST-2213(3) WOMEN IN PRE-INDUSTRIAL EUROPE (Le3) This course will survey women’s history in Western Europe from classical times to about 1700. Using primary and secondary sources, the course will cover historical fluctuations in the condition and status of women, as well as an array of economic, political, and social relations between women and men, with a focus on the ideologies (e.g., religious, philosophical) that helped to shape attitudes toward women. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2111(6) and/or 29(3)105(6) may not receive credit for HIST-2213(3).

HIST 2214(6) EUROPE IN THE MIDDLE AGES (Le3) This survey examines the evolution of Europe from the gradual collapse of the Roman Empire to the emergence of states in Western Europe as well as in the Byzantine and Slavic World. The course focuses on various aspects of social, religious, political, cultural, and intellectual life. Topics include the “Barbarian” invasions of the Roman Empire, the birth of Christianity and Islam, the Crusades, the development of cities, the daily life of men and women, the Byzantine Empire and its Slavic neighbours, the birth of universities, the Black Death, and the Hundred Years War. Medieval documents are analysed in class to offer a direct insight into the period. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2211(3) may not receive credit for HIST-2214(6).

HIST-2215(3) HISTORY OF THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE (Le3) This survey course examines the history of the Byzantine Empire, from its origins in the reign of Constantine I to its end at the fall of Constantinople (1453). The course focuses on various aspects of political, religious, social, and cultural life. Topics may include the reign of Justinian I, the iconoclastic crisis, the transmission of the orthodox faith to the Slavs, the Byzantine court and its relations with its neighbours, notably the crusaders, and the Ottoman conquest.

HIST-2226(3) THE HISTORY OF SEXUALITY FROM ANTIQUITY TO THE MIDDLE AGES (Le3) By tracing the historical evolution of a variety of themes, such as aphrodisiacs, reproductive theories, the sex trade, and policies on public health, this course will offer a survey of sexuality from prehistory to the Middle Ages. The prehistorical period will be reviewed briefly, followed by an examination of classical Greece and Rome, early Christianity, and the Middle Ages. Though references will be made to other regions for comparative purposes, the focus of this course in on western Europe.

HIST-2303(3) THE CHILD IN EUROPE (Le3) Lectures and discussions examine from several disciplinary perspectives conceptions of the child and of childhood in Europe from ancient times to the present. With contributions from such fields as Art History, Classics, English, French, German, History, and Women’s Studies, the course explores Europeans’ definitions of children and childhood and their understandings of children in relation to the family, society, class, gender, religion, and work. We examine typical images of childhood in European literature and art, the connections between these images and actual practices, and the continuing impact of these ideas and practices.

HIST-2313(6) MODERN EUROPEAN SOCIETY (Le3) This course surveys European societies from the absolute monarchies of the 17^th century to the fascist and communist movements of the 20^th century. It provides background for understanding contemporary Europe by exploring the relationship between industrialization and urbanization, the origins and impact of wars and revolutions and the impact of ideologies, such as democracy, nationalism, socialism and Nazism. Attention is also paid to the role of significant individuals, including Louis XIV, Newton, Marx, and Hitler. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2300(6), HIST-2314(6) or HIST-2315(3) may not receive credit for HIST-2313(6).

HIST-2316(6) HISTORY OF BRITAIN FROM 1485 (Le3) This course is a survey of the growth and development of modern Britain, 1485 to the present. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2400(6) may not receive credit for HIST-2316(6).

HIST-2323(3) STUDIES IN GERMAN CULTURE I (Le3) This course offers a broad survey of cultural developments in German-speaking Europe from the Middle Ages to the Romantic period at the beginning of the 19th century. Slides, film, and audio recordings will help to present developments in art, architecture, music, and the social/political background, while German writing in English translation by authors such as Luther, Grimmelshausen, Kant, Lessing, and Goethe will allow for discussion of themes and issues in the context of their times.

HIST-2324(3) STUDIES IN GERMAN CULTURE II (Le3) This course offers a broad survey of cultural developments in German-speaking Europe from the beginning of the 19th century to the present. Slides, films, and audio recordings will help to present developments in art, architecture, music, and the social/political background, while German writing in English translation by authors such as E.T.A. Hoffmann, Marx, Freud, Kafka, Brecht and Christa Wolf will allow for discussion of themes and issues in the context of their times.

HIST-2325(3) RUSSIA TO 1917 (Le3) This course provides a survey of Russian history and civilization from 800 to 1917. Topics include the founding of the Russian state, the Tsarist Empire, and the Revolutions of 1917. Important political and cultural personalities discussed include Ivan the Terrible, Peter the Great, Tchaikowsky, Tolstoy, and Lenin. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2317(3) or HIST-2321(3) or HIST-3205(6) or HIST-3305(6) may not receive credit for HIST-2325(3).

HIST-2326(3) RUSSIA SINCE 1917 (Le3) This course provides a survey of Russian history and civilization since the Bolshevik Revolution. Topics include the formation of the Soviet state, Stalinism, World War II, the Cold War, the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the emergence of the new Russia. Important political and cultural personalities discussed include Lenin, Stalin, Khrushchev, Gorbachev, Solzhenitsyn, and Shostakovich. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2317(6) or HIST-2321(3) or HIST-3205(6) or HIST-3305(3) may not receive credit for HIST-2326(3).

HIST-2327(3)  THE HISTORY OF SEXUALITY FROM THE RENAISSANCE TO THE PRESENT (Le3) By tracing the historical evolution of a variety of themes, such as aphrodisiacs, reproductive theories, the sex trade, and policies on public health, this course will offer a survey of sexuality from the Renaissance to the twentieth century. The focus will be on the Renaissance, the Protestant Reformation, the Scientific Revolution, the Enlightenment, and the Industrial Revolution, with a critical look at these historical periods as watersheds in the history of sexuality. Though references will be made to other regions for comparative purposes, the focus of this course is on Western Europe.

HIST-2328(3) ANTI-SEMITISM AND THE HOLOCAUST (Le3) This course studies the origins and execution of Hitler’s “Final Solution” against the backdrop of 2000 years of European Anti-Semitism. Although the major focus of the course will be on the tragic events of 1933-45, contemporary topics such as Neo-Nazism and other genocides will be briefly addressed as well.

HIST-2329(3) WOMEN IN MODERN EUROPE (Le3) This course will survey women’s history in Western Europe from 1700 to the present. Using primary and secondary sources, the course will cover historical fluctuations in the condition and status of women, as well as an array of economic, political, and social relations between women and men, with a focus on the ideologies (e.g. religious, philosophical) that helped to shape attitudes toward women. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2111(6) and/or HIST-3105(6) may not receive credit for HIST-2329(3).

HIST-2330(3) EUROPE SINCE 1945 (Le3) This course provides a survey of eastern and western European history since the end of World War II. It covers the Cold War, the development of the European Common Market and the European Union, the Collapse of Communism and changes in Europe since then. Political, Social, economic, and cultural topics are included. The role of important personalities such as Charles de Gaulle, Willi Brandt, Josip Tito, Lech Walesa and Mikhail Gorbachev are considered.

HIST-2331(3) HISTORY OF MODERN GERMANY (Le3) This survey of political, economic, social, and cultural developments in Germany from the Holy Roman Empire to the Berlin Republic focuses on developments after the Congress of Vienna (1815), including the 1848 Revolution, Bismarck and German unification 1871, Wilhelmine Germany and imperialism, World War One, the Weimar Republic, Hitler and National Socialism, World War Two and the Holocaust, the two Germanies in the Cold War, and reunification in 1989/90. Major historiographical controversies and methods of interpreting and analyzing German history are examined through lectures, explication of primary sources and critical reading of secondary sources, group and class discussions, and films.

HIST-2500(6) HISTORY OF CANADA TO 1939 (Le3)  This is a survey course designed to acquaint students with the foundations and development of the Canadian nation - its social, economic, and political institutions. It will emphasize the regional life and social organization of the country, the impact of war, colonialism and continentalism, the development of federalism, the rise of French-Canadian nationalism and separation, and the development of Canadian socialism. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2503(3) or HIST-2504(3) may not receive credit for HIST-2500(6).

HIST-2503(3) SURVEY HISTORY OF CANADA: THE COLONIAL ERA, 1500-1867 (Le3) This course is a survey of the economic, social, and political history of Canada from the early encounters of Europeans with North America and its indigenous peoples to Confederation. Themes may include the immigration of Europeans to Canada, the relations between Europeans and aboriginal peoples, the social and political relations that formed around colonial economies, the development of regionalism and French-Canadian nationalism, and movements for political reform. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2500(6) may not receive credit for HIST-2503(3).

HIST-2504(3) SURVEY HISTORY OF CANADA: THE NATIONAL ERA, 1867-1939 (Le3) This course surveys the economic, social, and political history of Canada from the formation of the Canadian state in the mid-nineteenth century to the beginning of World War II. Themes may include the constitutional achievement of the nation state, westward expansion and relations with aboriginal peoples, the creation of a national political economy and the social relations which developed within it, immigration and ethnic relations, the rise of political dissent and socialism, questions of political rights and citizenship, French-Canadian nationalism and regionalism. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2500(6) may not receive credit for HIST-2504(3).

HIST-2505(3) SURVEY HISTORY OF CANADA: THE MODERN ERA, 1939 TO THE PRESENT (Le3) This course surveys the economic, social, and political history of Canada from the beginning of World War II to the recent past. Themes may include the rise and decline of the welfare state in Canada; the political and constitutional developments that facilitated it; and the challenges to it from French-Canadian nationalism, regional protest movements, and socialism; Canada's participation in World War II, its place in postwar international relations, and its shift in dependence from Great Britain to the United States.

HIST-2506(3) HISTORY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH (Le3)This course is a history of the Canadian North, including the provincial north and territories. Topics for study include pre-contact history, Aboriginal-white relations, resource development, and the extension of southern administration to northern peoples. There will be an emphasis on utilizing local sources, including oral sources, and on integrating Aboriginal perspectives into the course.

HIST-2510(3) ABORIGINAL PEOPLES OF CANADA TO 1815 (Le3) This course traces Aboriginal history down to the War of 1812 era. We discuss the period preceding Aboriginal contact with Europeans to set the context for the main part of the course, an extensive examination of the post-contact era. The course concludes by exploring the shift in government and popular perceptions of Aboriginal people from ally and partner to problem and hindrance. The course considers diverse sources and methods for interpreting this history. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2509(6) may not receive credit for HIST-2510(3).

HIST-2511(3) ABORIGINAL PEOPLES OF CANADA SINCE 1815 (Le3) This course traces the development of Aboriginal history since the War of 1812. Beginning with the post-War period, the course examines the shifting policies and attempts by colonial governments to direct the assimilation of Aboriginal people. Topics include the development of civilization and assimilation policies, origin and continuance of treaties, land claims, residential schools, Indian Act development, reservations, royal commissions, the 1969 White Paper, and recent court decisions. Emphasis is placed on Aboriginal efforts to maintain cultural and national self-determination while facing these policies. We consider the diverse sources and methods for interpreting this history, with a focus on the documentary record. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2509(6) may not receive credit for HIST-2511(3).

HIST-2514(3) HISTORY OF CANADIAN EDUCATION (Le3) This course is a systematic inquiry into the historical origins and development of educational thought, policy, and reform in Canada. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3514(3) may not receive credit for HIST-2514(3).

HIST-2600(6) HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES FROM 1607 (Le3) This course is a survey of the development of the American people and their institutions from colonial times to the present day.

HIST-2700(6) HISTORY OF AFRICA (Le3) This course is a survey of the social, economic, political, and cultural traditions of the African continent.

HIST-2701(6) A HISTORY OF ASIA SINCE 1500 (Le3) This course surveys Asia in the era of Western expansion. Emphasis is placed on the internal developments in South Asia (India), East Asia (China and Japan) and Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Burma, Malaya, Thailand, Vietnam and the Philippines) as well as on their interaction with Western countries and with each other. Topics include cultural identity, colonization, modernization, nationalism, decolonization and the post-colonial period. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2703(3) or HIST-2704(3) may not receive credit for HIST-2701(6).

HIST-2703(3) SOUTH ASIA SINCE 1500 (Le3) This course surveys the Mughal period, the emergence of regional states, the transition to colonialism, the East India Company Raj, the British colonial state, the rise of Indian nationalism, and issues of democracy and authoritarianism in South Asia (India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka) since independence. Restrictions: Students with standing HIST-2701(6) may not receive credit for HIST-2703(3).

HIST-2704(3) HISTORY OF EAST ASIA SINCE 1500 (Le3) This course surveys the history of China from the Ming Dynasty to Communist China, Korea from the Early Choson dynasty to the present, and Japan from the Edo era to the contemporary period. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2701(6) may not receive credit for HIST-2704(3).

HIST-2800(6) HISTORY OF EUROPEAN ART (Le3) The historical development of art forms in the European tradition will be studied in successive eras. Emphasis is given to painting, sculpture, and architecture.

HIST-2801(6) HISTORY OF CANADIAN ART (Le3) A survey of Canadian art from the influences of European styles in the early period to the impact of Canadian culture on art in the 20th century.

HIST-2802(3) ART IN NON-CHRISTIAN RELIGIONS (Le3) This course explores the intrinsic links within non-Christian religious traditions between beliefs and social systems and the art produced in those contexts. It focuses on the art and architecture of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Islam. Students explore art’s implicit and explicit messages about the religious beliefs of its producing society, how art functions within the context of religion, and how one “reads: religious art. The class investigates the impact of social, economic, and power structures on religious art, and the role of patronage in art production. Cross-Listed: Religious Studies REL-2901(3).

HIST-2900(6) HISTORY OF SCIENCE (Le3) This course surveys the development of Science from ancient to modern times with emphasis on the concepts of the physical sciences. Note: This course fulfils either the University of Winnipeg Humanities Requirement or the University of Winnipeg Science Requirement.

HIST-2901(6) HISTORY OF TECHNOLOGY (Le3) A survey of developments in technology, from ancient to modern times. Throughout, there will be a consideration of the relationship of technology to man. This course does not fulfil the Science requirement.

HIST-2910(3) HISTORY OF MEDICINE TO 1700 (Le3) This course is a survey of the development of western medicine from the ancient period to 1700. Topics include the origin of the ancient medical tradition; the Hippocratic Oath and the origin of medical ethics; the Black Death and medieval medicine; and the seventeenth century scientific revolution in medicine. The course will relate medical practice to its scientific, philosophic and social bases. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2909(3) or HIST-3909(3) may not receive credit for HIST-2910(3).

HIST-2912(3) THE HISTORY OF MODERN MEDICINE (Le3) This course is a survey of the scientific, professional, and political development of medicine after 1700. Topics include the development of scientific medicine, including the germ theory of disease; the rise of the hospital and the transformation of medical education; and the growth of the public provision of medical care, including state-sponsored medical insurance schemes in Europe and North America. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-2909(3) or HIST-3909(3) may not receive credit for HIST-2912(3). 

---

3000-Level Courses

HIST-3001(6) PRACTICE AND PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course introduces the student to the practice of history. By studying historical writing it emphasizes changing ideas in history and the philosophical and practical difficulties involved in thinking about history. The course also emphasizes methodologies in research techniques and the writing of history. Prerequisites: HIST-1010(6) and B average in previous history course(s).Restrictions: Students with standing in the former HIST-4001(3) and HIST-4002(3) may not receive credit for HIST-3001(6).

HIST-3002(6) TUTORIAL (T) This is a reading course taken by individual senior students with the Instructor of their choice. Prerequisites: Written permission from instructor and Department Chair.

HIST-3005(6) INTRODUCTION TO ORAL HISTORY(Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course introduces students to setting up an oral history project, including preparing for, conducting and processing an interview. Students learn about the major issues and debates in oral history and related disciplines. Students who successfully complete this course will be able to set up an oral history project for their own studies as well as for museums, historical societies, and other public history institutions.

HIST-3006(3) TOPICS IN ANCIENT HISTORY (Le3) This course explores fundamental issues, specific social institutions, key historical figures, vital events, important periods, and current directions in the study of ancient Greek and Roman history in greater detail than the history survey classes allow. The focus of study varies from year to year. Examples include Greek and Roman slavery, Perikles and the Athenian Empire, the myth of Alexander the Great, and comparative Greek and Roman historiography and biography. Emphasis is placed on the use of primary source material (in translation). Information concerning these course offerings is provided by the department of Classics. Cross-listed: Classics CLAS-3006(3). Additional Requirements: At least 3 credits in any Classics course, or permission of the department of Classics. Restrictions: This course may be repeated when the topic varies.

HIST-3101(6) HISTORY OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course examines the political, social, cultural, and economic dimensions of the Ottoman Empire from its inception at the beginning of the fourteenth century until its demise in 1922. The multi-faceted aspects of this course are designed to present the rich heritage of the Ottoman Empire which expanded in its heyday from the Atlantic Ocean to the Indian Ocean and from the Danube to the Nile. The course offers a comprehensive introduction to Ottoman life throughout the centuries. It also highlights the legacy of the Ottoman Empire in Europe, Asia, and Africa.

HIST-3108(3) GENDER AND MENNONITES (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course will examine the role of women and of men in the evolving Mennonite society. It will trace these gender roles amongst the Radical Anabaptists of Western Europe, the agrarian Mennonite communities in Russia and North America, and Mennonites in modern, urban centres in North America. The course will examine patriarchal structures of Mennonite households, churches and communities, but also focus on the ways in which women create mechanisms of autonomy and meaning within those structures. The ideas that comprise Mennonite femininity and masculinity will receive special attention. Gender will also be traced through the Mennonite life cycle, commencing at childhood, and tracked through times of youth, marriage, mid-age, and retirement. The course will examine how Mennonite theological teachings, everyday language, modes of production, fertility rates, and national cultures affect ideas of gender in Mennonite society. Cross-listed: Mennonite Studies MENN-3108(3).

HIST-3110(3) RUSSIA AND THE MENNONITES (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course deals with the history of the Mennonites in Imperial Russia and the Soviet Union from 1789 to 1989. Cultural, economic, and religious developments of the so-called ‘Mennonite Commonwealth’ in the nineteenth century and of the far-flung Mennonite communities in the Soviet Union during the twentieth century are emphasized and analyzed.Restrictions: May not be taken by students with credit in the former MENN-3203(3).Cross-listed: Mennonite Studies MENN-3110(3).

HIST-3111(3) CONFLICT AND MENNONITES (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course deals with the Anabaptist and Mennonite understanding and experience of pacifism throughout the centuries, with special emphasis on their dealings with nation-states, church schism, ethnic relations, and domestic abuse. Restrictions: Students with standing in the former HIST-2103(3) may not receive credit for HIST-3111(3). Cross-listed: Mennonite Studies MENN-3111(3). 

HIST-3112(6) MILITARISM IN THE MODERN WORLD (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course offers an intensive examination of the interaction between military factors and broader social forces from the French Revolution of 1789 to the present. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3104(6) may not receive credit for HIST-3112(6).

HIST-3113(6) PERSONALITIES AND MODERN REVOLUTION (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course examines Europe and its overseas empires in the 19th and 20th centuries. The focus will be on the origins, conduct, and impact of modern revolutions as seen through the personal experience of leaders. Revolutionary leaders such as Robespierre, Marx, Lenin, Hitler, Stalin, Mao, and de Gaulle will be studied, as well as the collective experience of their followers. Course texts include some classic novels. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3107(6) may not receive credit for HIST-3113(6).

HIST-3114(3) LATIN AMERICA AND THE MENNONITES (Le, S3) This lecture/study course is a study of the founding and development of Mennonite communities in Central and South America. The focus is on problems European and Canadian Mennonites faced (and still face) in their attempt to establish an existence and identity in a predominantly Latin world. The course contrasts these conservative Mennonites to the more radical communities composed of indigenous Latin American Mennonites. In particular, it compares the manner in which the two groups of Mennonites have responded to the social and economic issues of Latin America. Restrictions: May not be taken by students with credit in the former MENN-3101. Cross-listed: Mennonite Studies MENN-3114(3).

HIST-3115(6) THE HISTORY OF SPANISH AMERICAN POLITICAL CULTURE (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course studies the historical formation of a distinctive political culture in selected Spanish American countries by focusing on elites, natives, and women, and by making comparisons with other New World Colonial societies.

HIST-3116(3) MENNONITES AND WORLD ISSUES (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course studies Mennonites responses to the wider world, and examines changes that have taken place among Mennonites with regard to world issues over the course of history. These issues include: urbanization, environmentalism, poverty, mass culture, the communications revolution, the global economy and family life. An emphasis is placed on the Twentieth Century World. Restrictions: Students with standing in MENN-3301(3) or HIST-3301(3) may not receive credit for MENN-3116(3) or HIST-3116(3). Cross-listed: Mennonite Studies MENN-3116(3).

HIST-3117(6) COLUMBUS TO CASTRO: A HISTORY OF CUBA, 1492 – PRESENT(Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course analyses the historical evolution of Cuban society from the early colonial period, through capitalist development in the first half of the twentieth century, and to socialism after 1959. Emphasis is on the examination of the history of Cuba in the context of its relationship with the rest of the world. Emphasis is also on the national and international roots and dynamic of revolutionary change in Cuba, from the colonial period under Spain, through United States and Soviet hegemony, to the present, and includes consideration of the conditions and perspectives of various groups and social classes.

HIST-3118(3) SOUTH ASIAN DIASPORA SINCE 1800 (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course examines migration from South Asia (today comprising India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and the Maldives) in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Discussions focus on different types of migration and settlement developed within the British Empire, and the changes brought about by decolonization. The course covers labour issues including recruitment patterns, settlement patterns, establishment of educational and religious institutions, and the effect of overseas issues on nationalist politics in the colonial era. In the post-colonial period the course covers South Asian contributions to multicultural societies, labour policies, gender issues, racial discrimination and the politics of identity.

HIST-3119(3) ABORIGINAL PEOPLES AND CHRISTIAN MISSIONS (Le, S3)  This lecture/seminar course examines a selected number of spiritual encounters between peoples and Christian missionaries throughout North and South America from the time of Columbus until the twentieth century. Emphasis is placed on the early modern period (1500-1800), although some nineteenth and twentieth-century encounters may also be discussed. Topics include Catholic and Protestant missionaries; Aboriginal religions; Aboriginal resistance to missions; Aboriginal adaptations to Christianity; gender; and economic aspects of missions.

HIST-3121(3) WOMEN IN THE MODERN WORLD (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course will examine the varied experiences of women in a cross-cultural context, with emphasis on the transference of European ideologies of gender to a colonial setting. Students will analyze and compare notions of womanhood in modern Europe, Asia, Africa, and Latin America, and pay special attention to the agency of imperialism and colonialism in the construction of women's lives. Using primary and secondary sources, comparisons will be drawn where appropriate among different classes, regions, and times.

HIST-3130(3) HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION: THE GERMAN EXPERIENCE (Le, S3) This course offers a survey of historical and current migration patterns, using the example of German-speaking migrants from the 18th to the 20th century. Students will explore migration processes, different types of migration, and the resulting cross-cultural encounters as well as the interaction of states and minorities. The lecture/seminar course will study Germany as a country of emigration and immigration, and discuss the existence of a German diaspora. A knowledge of German is not required.

HIST-3135(6) THE HUDSON'S BAY COMPANY AND THE MODERN DEPARTMENT STORE (Le, S3) In this lecture/seminar course, students will examine the history of modern retail business organization, with special attention being given to the Hudson's Bay Company's urban retail stores. The extensive archives of the company will afford students an excellent opportunity to study major issues in accounting, personnel, management, and marketing. The external social and political context in which the stores operated will also be studied. Cross-listed: Business and Administration BUS-3135(6).

HIST-3140(3) ALEXANDER THE GREAT (Le3) This course looks at the life and conquests of Alexander the Great. It begins with a chronological examination of the rise of Macedon under Alexander’s father, Philip II, Alexander’s early life, his conquest of the Persian Empire, and ultimately, his death. Four major themes are then explored: Alexander’s military and its evolution, his relationship to mainland Greece, Alexander’s empire, and his divinity. Cross-listed: Classics CLAS-3310(3). Restrictions: Students with credit in the former HIST-2105(6) may not receive credit in this course.

HIST-3141(3) THE HELLENISTIC WORLD (Le3) This course considers the political, social, and cultural development of the Hellenistic world from 323–31 BC. After an examination of the principal sources for the period and the difficulties they present, the disintegration of the empire of Alexander the Great into three separate kingdoms is explored against the background of the social, cultural, and economic upheaval that came in the wake of Alexander's death. Themes of the development of art, kingship, literature, philosophy, religion, science, and trade are considered. Cross-listed: Classics CLAS-3311(3). Restrictions: Students with credit in the former HIST-2105(6) may not receive credit in this course.

HIST-3208(3) CRUSADES AND CRUSADERS IN THE MIDDLE AGES (Le, S3)  This lecture/seminar course traces the phenomenon of the crusades in Europe and the Mediterranean world between the Eleventh and Fifteenth Centuries. It explores the roots, the forms, and the consequences of crusading movements from the First Crusade to the capture of Granada (1492). Attention is given to the political, cultural, religious, and economic tensions and exchanges between Christianity and Islam, but also to the participants of these movements, the organisation of crusader states, the struggle against heresies in Europe and Byzantium, the consequences of the crusades on the Jewish communities of Europe, the Spanish Reconquista, and the crusades in the Baltic regions.

HIST-3209(3) TRAVEL AND ENCOUNTERS IN THE MIDDLE AGES (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course examines the geographical horizon of Medieval Europeans and their knowledge of the world through the travel accounts of merchants, explorers, pilgrims, and missionaries. The period under scrutiny encompasses the 11^th to the 15^th Centuries, a time when this horizon was considerably broadened, for instance, by the Crusades and the Mongol invasions. Attention is given to the development of trade routes and networks across Europe and Asia, the encounters with other peoples, and the development of a medieval imagination of the world.

HIST-3212(3) FACT, FICTION AND IMAGES: INTERPRETING MANITOBA MENNONITES (Le3) This course introduces the student to a wide variety of historic Manitoba Mennonite writers. It includes authors of personal writings, authors or historic works from a variety of disciplines, and authors of poetry and historical fiction. This course analyzes the texts of these authors from the perspective of history, asking what light they shed on the lived experience of Mennonites in Manitoba and how specific historical times might have informed those writings. The course suggests a broad definition of “author”, recognizing that all texts are literary constructions, employing particular media to make sense of the Mennonite worlds in Manitoba. Cross-listed: Mennonite Studies MENN-3212(3).

HIST-3216(3) LUTHER, ZWINGLI AND THE RADICAL REFORMERS (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course deals with the relationship between the objectives and methods of the "mainline" reformers of the sixteenth century (mainly Luther and Zwingli) and those of the "radical" reformers (such as Thomas Muentzer, Andrew Carlstadt, and the Anabaptists), and assesses the historical results of this relationship. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3115(3) may not receive credit for HIST-3216(3). Cross-listed: Mennonite Studies MENN-3102(3).

HIST-3218(3) TOPICS IN THE ENLIGHTENMENT (Le, S3) The lecture/seminar course will study the writings of the greater and lesser "philosophes" of Western Europe, from both the perspective of old-fashioned intellectual history and the new perspectives of social history. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3301(6) or HIST-3313(3) may not receive credit for HIST-3218(3).

HIST-3220(3) WOMEN IN MEDIEVAL EUROPE, 800-1350 (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course will examine the varied experiences of women in medieval Europe. Specific themes may include such topics as women's contributions to religious life and intellectual reform, the changing political and legal status of women in feudal society, women's participation in agrarian and market economies, and the construction of gender and sexuality as class experiences in the medieval period. Using primary and secondary sources, comparisons will be drawn where appropriate among different regions and times.

HIST-3221(3) WOMEN IN THE RENAISSANCE, 1350-1550 (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course will examine the varied experiences of women in Renaissance Europe. Fundamental to this course will be the analysis of traditional periodization as we attempt to answer Joan Kelly's question, “Did women have a Renaissance.” Women of the Renaissance period will be appraised in a broad range of roles: as members of the labouring classes and as intellectuals, as queens and as paupers. Using primary and secondary sources, students will evaluate social, political, legal, and economic conditions in women's lives to determine how these variables could be interpreted in redefining the period known as the Renaissance.

HIST-3222(3) WOMEN IN EARLY MODERN EUROPE, 1550-1750 (Le, S3) From the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries, European societies underwent some critical transformations. This lecture/seminar course will assess the impact of those major ideological changes that especially affected women's lives. Was the Protestant Reformation good for women? What was "scientific" and "revolutionary" for women about the Scientific Revolution? Using primary and secondary sources, comparisons will be drawn where appropriate among different classes, regions, and times.

HIST-3223(3) CHILDREN AND CHILDHOOD IN PRE-MODERN EUROPE (Le, S3) This part-lecture, part-seminar course examines the place of children in pre-modern European societies. Themes such as the conceptualization of childhood, and the place of gender in inheritance, education, training, apprenticeship, and discipline of children are explored through the study of primary and secondary sources. The time frame and geographical focus may vary from year to year, but the course content covers primarily Western Europe, c.1400-c.1700. Students are expected to read primary and secondary sources, and participate actively in course discussions.

HIST-3224(3) CRIME AND CONFLICT IN PRE-MODERN EUROPE (Le, S3) This part-lecture, part-seminar course explores the ways in which pre-modern European societies dealt with crime and conflict in the family, village, and at large. The course covers such topics as the gendered notions of crime and punishment and the evolution of judicial and policing infrastructures in pre-industrial Europe. The time frame and geographical focus may vary from year to year, but the course content covers primarily Western Europe, c.1400-c.1700. Students are expected to read primary and secondary sources, and participate actively in course discussions.

HIST-3225(3) SLAVES, SERFS, AND SERVANTS IN PRE-MODERN EUROPE (Le, S3) This part-lecture, part-seminar course examines the multi-faceted dimensions of servility in pre-modern Europe. Through the lens of primary and secondary sources, students will gain an appreciation for the varied mechanisms under which women and men, young and old, were indentured in pre-industrial societies, and develop a critical understanding of the ideologies that justified the categorization of humankind along their servile status. The time frame and geographical focus may vary from year to year, but the course content covers primarily the institutions of slavery and other forms of servitude in Western Europe, c.1400-c.1700. Students are expected to read primary and secondary sources, and participate actively in course discussions.

HIST-3314(6) RECENT EUROPEAN HISTORY (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course concentrates on the turbulent period between the Franco-Prussian War and the Second World War, and deals with both domestic and international history. Domestic themes, drawn from across the continent, include industrialization, nationalism, church-state relations, socialism and anarchism, racism, and fascism. International themes include imperial rivalries, arms races, war avoidance and peacemaking. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3303(6) may not receive credit in HIST-3314(6).

HIST-3315(6) EUROPEAN POWER POLITICS (Le, S3) This is a lecture/seminar course in European foreign relations in the 19th and 20th centuries. The effects of economics, ideologies, revolutionary movements, personalities, and military planning will be investigated. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3308(6) may not receive credit for HIST-3315(6).

HIST-3317(3) TOPICS IN RUSSIAN AND SOVIET HISTORY (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course will cover selected topics in Russian and Soviet history. Topics may be drawn from political, social, or economic history.

HIST-3320(3) TOPICS IN RUSSIAN INTELLECTUAL HISTORY (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course will analyze political and social ideas in nineteenth- and twentieth-century Russia. Individual works by authors such as Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, and Solzhenitsyn will be discussed. Issues such as social philosophy, political philosophy, and attitudes towards Russian identity will be studied.

HIST-3515(6) MATERIAL CULTURE IN THE HISTORY OF THE ABORIGINAL PEOPLES OF CANADA (Le, S3)  This lecture/seminar course traces Canadian Aboriginal history from pre-contact times to the early 20th century through a close examination of Aboriginal and fur trade material culture. Throughout the course of the fur trade Aboriginal people and Europeans exchanged and adopted various technologies. These exchanges were of critical importance in shaping relations between Euro-American traders and Aboriginal peoples. This course explores various ways in which Aboriginal and European technologies complemented each other and highlights the non-material meanings associated with particular artefacts. We examine the social, cultural and spiritual connotations that Aboriginal artefacts held and that European-introduced technologies and materials acquired. Cross-listed: Anthropology ANTH-3515(6).

HIST-3518(3) HISTORY OF THE ABORIGINAL PEOPLES OF THE NORTHERN PLAINS (Le, S3) This lecture-seminar traces the history of Aboriginal Peoples on the Northern Plains from the pre-contact period to the mid 20th century on both sides of the present Canadian-U.S. border. Ancient plains cultures, the introduction of European technologies, the fur trade, struggles for regional dominance and control over resources, advancing European settlement, and the establishment of reservations/reserve constitute the major topics of this lecture seminar. In a comparative approach, this course explores critical differences and similarities in Aboriginal history on both sides of the Canadian and US border. Cross-listed: Anthropology ANTH-3127(3).

HIST-3519(3) ABORIGINAL PEOPLES AND TREATIES (Le, S3) This course examines treaties and treaty-making between indigenous peoples and European colonial powers and their successor states from the early colonial period to the late nineteenth century. Topics include European claims to the Americas, European and indigenous ways of treaty making, indigenous concepts of land-ownership, United States and Canadian treaty policies, treaty making in Australia and New Zealand, and the enduring struggles for treaty rights by indigenous peoples. A number of treaties are analyzed in class as historical documents.

HIST-3525(3) HISTORY OF THE MÉTIS IN CANADA (Le,S3) This lecture/seminar course traces the history of people of mixed Aboriginal/European descent from their origins in New France and the fur trade to the modern period. Special attention is given to family and community history. Comparative studies help us understand why a Métis political and ethnic consciousness develops in some settings but not in others.

HIST-3526/HIST-4526(3) ETHNOHISTORIC METHODS AND THEORY (Le, S3) Ethnohistory combines ethnographic and historical methods to study changes in cultures over time. In this course students gain a theoretical understanding of ethnohistory through a series of readings that explore differences between oral and written texts. They also gain a practical understanding of the discipline through the transcription of an oral text, which is contextualized through library and/or archival research. Honours study at the 4000 level requires independent work and advanced engagement with the discipline. Restrictions: Students may not receive credit for both HIST-3526(3) and HIST-4526(3). Cross-listed: Anthropology ANTH-3117/ANTH-4117(3).

HIST-3528(3) HISTORY OF EASTERN AND SUBARCTIC ALGONQUIAN PEOPLES (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course traces the histories of eastern and subarctic Algonquian peoples from the Powhatans and Mi’kmaq to the Ojibwe and Cree, from earliest times to the early twentieth century. Oral records, documentary sources, and secondary materials are used to present and juxtapose Aboriginal and European perspectives throughout the course. Topics include group origins, languages, gender relations, and cultural, political, and social history, as well as the effects of contact and governmental policies. Cross-listed: Anthropology ANTH-3528(3)

HIST-3532(3) HISTORY OF THE IROQUOIAN PEOPLES (Le, S3)  This lecture/seminar course examines the history of the Iroquoian peoples in Eastern North America from the precontact time until the present. Emphasis is placed on the Iroquois Confederacy and the Huron (Wendat) peoples living in Canada and the United States. Topics include the origins of the Iroquois Confederacy, the fur trade and Christian missions, the Iroquois Wars and the destruction of Huronia in 1649, the dispersal and migration of Iroquois and Huron communities through the Great Lakes region and the Saint Lawrence Valley, and the influence of the Canada-US border on Iroquois communities. Cross-listed: Anthropology ANTH-3128(3).

HIST-3540(6) CRITICAL ISSUES IN THE HISTORY OF CANADIAN POLITICS, NATIONALISM, AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course will address the development of Canadian nationhood through the examination of such critical issues as the following: the Canadian political tradition and its British and American heritage; changing constitutional relationships between colony and empire and between Dominion and provincial governments; Canadian-American relationships and the implications of defence and strategic concerns for nationhood.

HIST-3541(3) MENNONITES IN CANADA (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course will survey major developments in Canadian Mennonite communities from 1786 to the present. It will trace the following themes: the Swiss American and Russian roots of Canadian Mennonites; community formation in Ontario and Western Canada; Anabaptism in everyday life (especially the way it was played out in the family); theological developments in the late 19th and 20th centuries; the survival of Mennonite faith distinctive in the urban and socially integrated Canadian society since World War II. Special emphasis will be placed on establishing the unique features of Canadian Mennonite experience. Cross-listed: Mennonite Studies MENN-3541(3).

HIST-3542(6) GENDER, CLASS, AND ETHNICITY IN CANADIAN HISTORY (Le, S3) Lectures and seminars in this course will examine how gender, social class, and ethnicity have influenced Canadian history. Topics will include the evolution of gender relations, emergence of social and political movements, and the complexities of ethnic and racial relations in Canada. Restrictions: Students with standing in the former HIST-3530(6) may not receive credit for HIST-3542(6).

HIST-3544(6) HISTORY OF WINNIPEG (Le, S3) This lecture/ seminar course examines the history of Winnipeg from the mid-nineteenth century to the present. The lectures and seminars will focus on the industrial, social, political, and cultural history of the city and explore this past within the context of the history of western Canada. Restrictions: Students with standing in the 3 credit hour course History of Winnipeg, either as the former HIST-3551(3) or HIST-3511(3), may not enrol in this course without permission of the instructor.

HIST-3545(6) HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES ON WOMEN IN CANADA (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course explores themes in North American women’s and gender history, with particular emphasis on the Canadian context. The course will chart the evolution of women’s/gender history and examine women’s lives in the past. Students will analyse the practice and politics of writing history and the challenges of documenting and writing women’s lives. Restrictions: Students with standing in the former HIST-3599(6) may not receive standing for HIST-3545(6).

HIST-3548(6) ALTERNATIVE VISIONS: REBELS AND REVOLUTIONARIES IN CANADIAN (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course examines critically the cultural, social and organizational development of the anarchist, feminist, labour, and socialist movements of late nineteenth and twentieth century Canada. Topics include the origins of the first workers’ movements; the history of the One Big Union and the Winnipeg General Strike; early feminist organizations, including the Women’s Labour League; the founding of communist, socialist, and labourist parties; the Progressive Arts Movement & conflicts with the state in the 1930s; Student and Women’s movements in the 1960s; Nuclear Disarmament Campaigns; and the emergence of the social justice/anti-globalization movements.

HIST-3552(6) REGIONALISM AND THE HISTORY OF THE CANADIAN WEST (Le, S3) By examining the history of the Canadian West from 1870 to the present, this lecture-seminar course will explore the establishment and reproduction of a system of political economy which has created regional disparities in Canada. Consideration will be given to the process of capitalist development and the role of government policy in promoting and redressing disparities. Also, attention will be directed to the emergence of regionalism as an ideology. Where appropriate, comparisons will be drawn between the experiences of western Canada and those of other regions of the country, as well as with the American West.  Restrictions: Students with standing in the former HIST-3550(6) or HIST-3551(3) may not receive standing for HIST-3552(6).

HIST-3561(3) GERMAN-CANADIAN IDENTITY - HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course will explore questions of ethnic identity, using the example of German Canadians. While students will develop their individual research projects related to the broader issue of ethnicity, class discussion will focus on the historical presence of German speakers in Canada, their settlement patterns, their relationship to political culture and the Canadian state, and perceptions and self-images of German Canadians. A knowledge of German is not required. Restrictions:  Students with standing in the former HIST-3560(6) may not receive credit for HIST-3561(3).

HIST-3570(3 or 6) THE FAMILY IN CANADIAN HISTORY (Le, S3) This course traces changes in Canadian family life and ideals over the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, considering the impact of economic, legal, and cultural change and the influence of state policy, consumer culture and immigration. It examines the changing nature of marriage, family economies, access to birth control, and ideals of parenting. It explores not only ideals of family life, but also the experience and treatment of those who deviated from these ideals. The course gives equal time to lectures and to class discussion and, as such, depends on the active and regular participation of students.

HIST-3571(3) HISTORY OF FEMINISM IN CANADA (Le, S3) This course examines the history of feminism, focusing on the Canadian experience set within the broader context of North America and the West. It considers the changing goals, methods of organizing, adherents, societal responses and impact during each of the three “waves” of feminism. It explores biographical history of key Canadian and Western feminists. The course gives equal time to lectures and to class discussion and, as such, depends on the active and regular participation of students. Cross-listed: Women’s and Gender Studies WGS-3571(3).

HIST-3572(3 or 6) HISTORY OF CHILDHOOD IN CANADA (Le, S3) This course traces the history of childhood in Canada from the pre-industrial period to the late-twentieth century. It explores how new ideals of childhood which emerged in the late-nineteenth century differed from those existing previously and how an ideal of the child as dependent and in need of careful nurture and protection gradually took hold. It explores these subjects via a consideration of a number of issues which, from year to year, may include: work, schooling, health, adoption, delinquency, recreation, and the emergence of children as a target consumer market.

HIST-3603(3) UNITED STATES, 1878-1929 (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course will treat major political changes in the period from the end of Reconstruction to the stock market crash of 1929. In addition to studying styles of political leadership, the social and cultural basis of politics will be explored. The concluding unit will discuss the "prosperity decade" of the 1920s.

HIST-3604(3) UNITED STATES, 1929-1988 (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course will treat the grand themes of reform and conservatism in American politics from the Great Depression to the Reagan era. Various forms of social protest will also be explored, as will selected themes in diplomatic history. The studies will conclude with the presidency of Ronald Reagan.

HIST-3611(6) COLONIAL AMERICA, 1492-1783 (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course examines the American Colonies from their earliest beginnings to the Treaty of Paris. It examines the process of colonization; the development of societies in the American colonies; the colonies' role in the British Empire and the causes and consequences of the American Revolution. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3601(6) may not receive credit for HIST-3611(6).

HIST-3612(3) RELIGION IN AMERICAN HISTORY (Le,S3) This lecture/seminar course is a survey of religious thought, influence, and institutions in American life that ranges from the Puritan and Quaker societies of Colonial America to the cults and sects of the present; the effects on society of both the large mainstream churches and the small unconventional ones. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3605(3) may not receive credit for HIST-3612(3).

HIST-3703(3) SOUTH AFRICA IN THE MODERN WORLD (Le,S3) This course is an analysis of the political, economic, and social determinants of apartheid in the twentieth century.

HIST-3704(3) WEST AFRICA IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY (Le,S3) This course offers selected studies in the development of new states from the beginnings of colonial rule to the present. Emphasis will be placed upon Ghana and Nigeria as models of the decolonization and independence experience.

HIST 3706(6) COLONIALISM AND NATIONALISM IN INDIA (Le, S3) Using several disciplinary perspectives, this course examines the history of colonial India from the period of first contact with Europeans to the partition of the subcontinent in 1947. Topics include the colonization by European powers, the structures and processes of colonialism, resistance to colonialism, the emergence of nationalism, nationalist leadership, and partition.

HIST-3708(3) WOMEN’S HISTORY IN SOUTH ASIA (Le,S3) This lecture/seminar course examines selected aspects of women’s history in South Asia in the period c. 1750 to the present. Issues covered include the social history of women’s roles within the family and the kin network, women’s labour, women and religion, women’s education, women and politics, and the movement for women’s rights.

HIST-3807(6) TOPICS IN TWENTIETH CENTURY CANADIAN ART (Le,S3) This is an advanced lecture/seminar course examining various areas in twentieth-century Canadian art. We will address issues such as the taxonomy of style - realism, abstract expressionism, minimalism; problems of value - dealers, galleries, craft, design and electronic imaging; and the politics of art - feminism, regionalism, First Nations, ethnicity, ordinary people and government funding. The first part of the course will cover issues that affect the country as a whole, within the global context. Assignments will be focused on art historical writing and criticism. The latter part of the course will deal with Manitoba's culture, particularly unknown and forgotten women artists. This will involve individual student projects and primary research in local archives and collections. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3820(3) or HIST-3821(3) may not receive credit for HIST-3807(6).

HIST-3809(6) NINETEENTH-CENTURY ART IN CONTEXT (1776-1900) (Le,S3) This lecture/seminar course will focus on the major artistic movements of Neoclassicism, Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, and Post-Impressionism within the context of the social and political upheavals of the nineteenth century. We will explore the relations between popular culture and the fine art of the ruling class, between ideology and artistic practice, between the revolution of the avant-garde and of the people, and among industry, exploitation, and empire, and between women as artists and as subjects of art. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3804(6), HIST-3817(3) or HIST-3818(3) may not receive credit for HIST-3809(6).

HIST-3810(6) ART OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY (1900 to the present) (Le, S3) We will examine the development of abstraction and expression in art from 1900 to the present, particularly the relation of artistic movements to the political and historical context. The roles of war, sexuality, money, and the cult of personality in the production and reception of art will be addressed within a framework of critical analysis, including formalism, Marxism, the feminist critique, and post-modern deconstruction. A wide range of media will be explored including the arts of film, dance, sculpture, painting, and architecture. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3819(3) or HIST-3820(3) may not receive credit for HIST-3810(6).

HIST-3811(6) WOMEN, ART, AND SOCIETY (Le,S3) This lecture/seminar course will consider the new approaches offered by critical theory, psychology, postmodernism, and feminism to the practice of art history and to the history of art in a wide selection of different cultures and periods. The role of women in the production of art will be re-evaluated, the rediscovery of forgotten arts and women artists will be studied, and the representation of women in art will be analyzed. The creative process, art history as a discipline, and the role of art in society from traditional craft and "fine" art to film and advertising will be explored in the light of women's experience.

HIST-3813(3) ART HISTORY IN FOCUS I (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course offers students the opportunity for intensive study of a single artist’s work or artistic movement on whose work there is a significant body of art historical writing and criticism. Each time the course is offered the name of the artist or movement in focus will be listed in the Timetable.

HIST-3814(3) ABORIGINAL ARTS (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course offers an introduction to the arts of Aboriginal peoples with a focus on contemporary First Nations art in Canada. Students explore critical approaches to the social and political issues surrounding tradition, appropriation, modernity, and personal identity in our survey of visual art. Forms examined may include painting, sculpture, print making, installation, dance, music, theatre, new media, and performance. Local artists, exhibitions, and collections offer students first-hand experience of current First Nations and Métis art production in Manitoba.

HIST-3816(6) ART AND ARCHITECTURE OF PILGRIMAGE (Le, S3) This course is an introduction to the history of pilgrimage art and architecture from the Middle Ages to the Modern era. Medieval and Post-Medieval pilgrimages are used as a laboratory for investigating the topic of the journey to a shrine for the realization of spiritual benefits or the fulfilment of personal motives. Class discussions and lectures on the experience of pilgrimage and its visual ways of expression might include: the major pilgrimages to Christian, Muslin, Hindu and Jewish sites, and the later pilgrimages to North-American shrines.

HIST-3817(3) NINETEENTH-CENTURY ART IN CONTEXT I (1776-1870) (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course will include the Neoclassical, Romantic, and Realist movements in art, concluding with the early experiments of the Impressionists. We will explore the relations between popular culture and the fine art of the ruling class, between ideology and artistic practice, between the revolution of the avant-garde and of the people, and among industry, exploitation, and empire, between women as artists and as subjects of art. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3804(6) or HIST-3809(6) may not receive credit for HIST-3817(3).

HIST-3818(3) NINETEENTH-CENTURY ART IN CONTEXT II (1870-1900) (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course will include the Post-Impressionist and Symbolist movements in art, from Gauguin and Seurat to Cezanne and early Picasso. We will explore the relations between popular culture and the fine art of the ruling class, between ideology and artistic practice, between the revolution of the avant-garde and of the people, and among industry, exploitation, and empire, between women as artists and as subjects of art. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3804(6) or HIST-3809(6) may not receive credit for HIST-3818(3).

HIST-3819(3) ART IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY I (1900-1945) (Le, S3) We will examine the development of abstraction and expression in art from 1900 to 1945, particularly the relation of artistic movements in art to the political and historical context. The roles of war, sexuality, money, and the cult of personality in the production and reception of art will be addressed within a framework of critical analysis, including formalism, Marxism, the feminist critique, and post-modern deconstruction. A wide range of media will be explored, including the arts of film, dance, sculpture, painting, and architecture. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3810(6) may not receive credit for HIST-3819(3).

HIST-3820(3) ART IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY II (1945 TO THE PRESENT) (Le, S3) We will examine the development of abstraction and expression in art from 1945 to the present, particularly the relation of artistic movements in art to the political and historical context. The roles of war, sexuality, money, and the cult of personality in the production and reception of art will be addressed within a framework of critical analysis, including formalism, Marxism, the feminist critique, and postmodern deconstruction. A wide range of media will be explored, including the arts of film, dance, sculpture, painting, and architecture. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3810(6) may not receive credit for HIST-3820(3).

HIST-3821(3) TOPICS IN TWENTIETH-CENTURY CANADIAN ART I (ISSUES) (Le, S3) This is an advanced lecture/seminar course examining various areas in twentieth-century Canadian art in a global context. We will address issues such as the taxonomy of style - realism, abstract expressionism, minimalism; problems of value - dealers, galleries, craft, design and electronic imaging; and the politics of art - feminism, regionalism, First Nations, ethnicity, ordinary people, and government funding. This course will cover issues that affect the country as a whole, within the global context. Assignments will be focused on art historical writing and criticism. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3807(6) may not receive credit for HIST-3821(3).

HIST-3822(3) TOPICS IN TWENTIETH-CENTURY CANADIAN ART II (RESEARCH PROJECT) (Le, S3) This is an advanced lecture/seminar course examining various areas in twentieth-century Canadian art in a global context. We will address issues such as the taxonomy of style - realism, abstract expressionism, minimalism; problems of value - dealers, galleries, craft, design and electronic imaging; and the politics of art - feminism, regionalism, First Nations, ethnicity, ordinary people, and government funding. This 3 credit hour course will focus on Manitoba's culture, particularly unknown and forgotten women artists. This will involve individual student projects and primary research in local archives and collections. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3807(6) may not receive credit for HIST-3822(3).

HIST-3824(3) HISTORY AND THEORY OF DANCE AND ART (Le, S3) Dance is a visual art that lives in both time and space. We will explore the social, historical and aesthetic relationships of dance to other art forms such as painting, sculpture, architecture, performance, and video from antiquity to the present. Differences of class, gender and culture as well as questions of identity and the body will be central to our study.

HIST-3825(6) THEORIES AND METHODS FOR ART HISTORY (Le,S3) This lecture/seminar course explores various traditional art historical and critical approaches to the study of art including visual analysis, biography, iconography, and more recent theories such as historiography, feminism, and postmodernism. Museums, galleries, and the art market as well as techniques and conservation are also considered. Research methods for art historians are put into practice in written assignments and, whenever possible, field trips to local sites and exhibitions take place during class time.

HIST-3826(3) ART HISTORY IN FOCUS II (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course offers students the opportunity for intensive study of a single artist’s work or artistic movement on whose work there is a significant body of art historical writing and criticism. Each time the course is offered the name of the artist or movement in focus will be listed in the Timetable.

HIST 3829(3) MODERN ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN (Le, S3) This course examines the major monuments, architects, and theories of nineteenth and twentieth century architecture, urbanism, landscape design and interior design. The discussion topics include the architectural responses arising from the issues of “Modernity” such as industrialization, new technologies, nationalism, and constructs of “nature”.

HIST 3831(3) ISLAMIC ART AND ARCHITECTURE (Le, S3) This course examines Islamic art and architecture from the rise of Islam in the seventh century to the nineteenth century, concentrating on the period 1250-1800. The course also considers cross-cultural influences and contrasts between the Islamic world and Europe. Topics include the ‘reluctance’ towards figural imagery, regional mosque architecture, and book illumination. Dynasties include Timurid, Safavid, Ottoman, Mamluk, and Mughal. Cross-listed: Religious Studies: REL 3712(3)

HIST-3840(3 or 6) SEVENTEENTH CENTURY ART (Le3, SV) This course explores the visual arts of Italy, France, England, Spain, and the Netherlands against the background of the social, economic, political and religious change in the seventeenth century. Some of the topics we consider include the position of women artists, the cultural effects of colonialism, the natural sciences, art collecting and the emergence of the art market. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-3803(6) may not receive credit for HIST-3840(3).

HIST-3841(3 or 6) ARTS OF THE MIDDLE AGES (Le3, SV) This lecture/seminar course is an introduction to the study of medieval art and architecture in Europe, from the demise of Late Antique traditions up to the Renaissance. In the context of a thematic survey, students are introduced to the terminology, methods, materials, subject matter and function of medieval art and architecture. Since the largest proportion of surviving materials is religious, this includes a firm grounding in the medieval Christian tradition and the nature of the prominent institutions of Church and State. Secular art is considered where possible or appropriate, and broader issues of material culture are explored.

HIST-3842(3 or 6) ITALIAN RENAISSANCE ART (Le3, SV) This lecture/seminar course is an introduction to the study of Italian Renaissance art and architecture in the context of the social, political and economic circumstances of this time. This course traces the history of painting, sculpture and architecture of the mid-14^th to the 16^th century. More specific topics explore the virtuosity and philosophies of realism, the discovery of linear perspective, the artists’ social and intellectual status, art patronage, and gender issues (women artists and women’s art patronage). Some artists/art patrons are considered more in depth, such as Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Isabella d’Este, among others.

HIST-3843(3 or 6) NORTHERN RENAISSANCE ART (Le3, SV) This lecture/seminar course is an introduction to the study of art and architecture of the mid-14^th to the 16^th century Northern regions of Western Europe (France, England, Germany and the Netherlands) in the context of the social, political and economic circumstances of this time. More specific topics should capture our attention, such as the development of panel and manuscript paintings, prints, the raise of realism and secular subjects in the arts, the transformation of the artist’s status and art patronage.

HIST-3901(3) THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course is a study of early modern natural philosophy. Scientific developments from 1540 to 1700 will form the subject matter, but additional themes include the following: the changing relationship between science and other forms of knowledge such as philosophy, magic, and theology; and the social significance of science in the early modern period. Restrictions: Students with standing in the former HIST-2905(3) or HIST-3905(3) may not receive credit for HIST-3901(3).

HIST-3902(3) THE DARWINIAN REVOLUTION (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course examines the genesis, development, and assimilation of Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection. Topics include the historical sciences (e.g., geology, paleontology) before Darwin, pre- and non-Darwinian theories of evolution, the sources of Darwin’s theory; and the social, scientific, and religious legacy of Darwin. Restrictions: Students with standing in the former HIST-2906(3) and HIST-3906(3) may not receive credit for HIST-3902(3).

HIST-3903(3) CLASSICAL AND MEDIEVAL SCIENCE (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course examines the theories, experiments, and calculations of Greek, Roman, and European scientists before the Scientific Revolution of the seventeenth century. As well as considering the work of the major contributors to astronomy, physics, and mathematics in this period, the course will place their ideas and the work of the schools of Greece, Rome, and medieval Europe within their social, cultural, and intellectual contexts. Restrictions: Students with standing in the former HIST-3211(3) may not receive credit for HIST-3903(3). Cross-listed: Classics CLAS-3090(3).

HIST-3904(3) THE EINSTEINIAN REVOLUTION (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course is an introduction to the history of physics and cosmology in the twentieth century with particular attention given to the role of Albert Einstein. Emphasis will be placed upon the origin, exposition and development of Einstein’s Relativity Theory and the rise of Quantum Physics (particularly the debate between Einstein and Niels Bohr over its physical interpretation). Restrictions: Students with standing in the former HIST-2908(3) may not receive credit for HIST-3904(3).

HIST-3913(3) THE HISTORY OF DISEASE (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course surveys humanity’s experiences with disease and analyzes its historical study. The course emphasizes epidemic diseases though non-infectious diseases are also considered. The objective is to examine, through the lens of history, popular and medical constructions of disease, the pattern of disease and its impact in any given society, and the medical, social, and cultural responses to it.

---

4000-Level Courses

Permission of the Department is required prior to registration in 4000-level courses.

HIST-4000(3) TUTORIAL (S3) This is a reading course by individual senior students with the Instructor of their choice. Prerequisites: Written permission from instructor and Department Chair.

HIST-4100(6) TUTORIAL (T) This is a reading course in World History taken by individual senior students with the Instructor of their choice. Prerequisites: Written permission from instructor and Department Chair.

HIST-4103(6) COLONIZATION AND THE AGE OF MODERNITY IN LATIN AMERICA (S3) This course examines the relationship between modernity and colonization in Latin America. It addresses how modern Latin American societies are shaped by their experiences under colonialism. It also examines the relationship between globalization and developments in Latin America at the regional, national, and local levels.

HIST-4111(6) FRONTIERS AND BORDERLANDS (S3) This seminar course uses the concepts of frontiers and borderlands to analyze relations between indigenous peoples and expanding empires in world history. After a discussion of the historiography of frontiers and borderlands we will apply these concepts to Ancient Rome, China, the Eurasian steppe, South Africa, the Americas, and Australia. Considerable attention is given to the creation and persistence of borderlands in North America. Finally, the course discusses the many ways in which frontiers and borderlands are presented in literature, art, film, and public history.

HIST-4113(6) SLAVERY IN THE AMERICAS (S3) This course examines selected topics in the history of black enslavement and race relations in the United States, the West Indies, and Brazil from 1600 to the present. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-4102(6) may not receive credit for HIST-4113(6).

HIST-4121(6) SEX, RACE, AND GENDER IN THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD (S3) This seminar deals with the history of ideas about humankind in the early modern period, c.1450-1650. Through readings of primary and secondary sources, students examine the theoretical frameworks in the early modern period used in the classification of human beings, especially in reference to sexuality, race, and gender, with links made to other social constructs of differentiation, including socio-economic rank or station, and religion. The seminar explores these ideas in the context of early overseas colonization. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-4217(6) may not receive credit for HIST-4121(6).

HIST-4130(6) HISTORY AND MEMORY (S3) This seminar examines the field of memory studies through a comparative transnational survey (with a focus on Canada, USA, and Germany). Memory studies asks not ‘What happened in the past?’ but rather: ‘How did individuals and groups remember the past?’ To answer this question, historians study oral history and other forms of informal communication, formal history education, museums, monuments, film, photography. Students learn about major concepts such as historical consciousness; narrativity; collective memory; public history; culture and politics of history, including “history wars.”

HIST-4200(6) TUTORIAL (T) This is a reading course in Pre-Industrial Europe by individual senior students with the Instructor of their choice. Prerequisites: Written permission from instructor and Department Chair.

HIST-4210(6) CHURCH AND STATE IN MEDIEVAL EUROPE (S3) This course examines selected problems in the various types of relationship of ecclesiastical and feudal governments in Western Europe during the Medieval period, with emphasis upon Augustinian ideas, the examples of Charlemagne, and the struggles over episcopal investiture. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-4201(6) and HIST-4310(6) may not receive credit for HIST-4210(6).

HIST-4213(6) TOPICS IN EARLY MODERN WOMEN’S HISTORY (S3) This senior seminar deals with the history of women in early modern Europe, c.1450-1650. Through the examination of selected topics in women’s history, students explore an array of theoretical and methodological approaches. The seminar treats various themes in women’s history such as marriage/widowhood law, economy, politics and religion. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-4120(6) may not receive credit for HIST-4213(6).

HIST-4218(6) TOPICS IN MEDIEVAL CULTURE (S3) This seminar studies selected aspects of the cultural, social and religious life during the Middle Ages. Topics may include the popular and scholarly knowledge of and beliefs concerning the world and humanity, the transmission of this knowledge, the place of humankind in the world and the role of the Church in society.

HIST-4300(6) TUTORIAL (T) This is a reading course in Modern European History taken by individual senior students with the Instructor of their choice. Prerequisites: Written permission from instructor and Department Chair.

HIST-4315(6) EUROPE IN CRISIS, 1914-1945 (S3) In this course students will select topics in the history of Europe from World War One to the end of World War Two. Topics may range from intellectual and cultural, through military and diplomatic, to economic and political. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-4304(6) may not receive credit for HIST-4315(6).

HIST-4317(6) STUDIES IN MODERN RUSSIAN HISTORY (S3) This course studies modern Russian History, examining the social, political, economic, and intellectual development of Russia since 1700 within a specific time period to be determined by the instructor. Restrictions: Students with standing in HIST-4301(6) may not receive credit for HIST-4317(6).

HIST-4500(6) TUTORIAL (T) This is a reading course in Canadian History taken by individual senior students with the Instructor of their choice. Prerequisites: Written permission from instructor and Department Chair.

HIST-4530(6) ADVANCED STUDIES IN CANADIAN SOCIAL HISTORY (S3) Seminars in this course will address the interpretations and debates that have arisen in the literature on Canadian social history. Students will also undertake a research project using primary sources to explore a problem of relevance to the course. Topics will include ethnic and native history; social classes, business and labour history; the history of the family, women, and gender relations; and cultural and intellectual history. Please see the Department for a specific course description.

HIST-4535(6) IMMIGRATION AND ETHNICITY IN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES (S3) This research seminar examines the history of immigration to North America between 1860 and 1960. The course focuses on the nature of migration patterns and the adaptation of immigrants to the new world, especially the rise of ethnic identities. The course discusses the similarities and differences in the Canadian and American immigrant experience. Cross-listed: Mennonite Studies MENN-4535(6).

HIST-4570(6) ABORIGINALS AND NEWCOMERS IN ENCOUNTER: SELECTED TOPICS (S3) This seminar will explore social and cultural interactions among Euro-Canadians and Aboriginal peoples, paying particular attention to Subarctic fur trade and mission contexts. After sampling recent writings in ethnohistory and Aboriginal history, the course will draw on archival, visual, and oral records to offer some first-hand experience in dealing with primary source materials in this field of study. Cross-listed: Anthropology ANTH-4105(6).

HIST-4580(6) THE INTERPRETATION OF CANADIAN HISTORY: HISTORIOGRAPHICAL ISSUES (S3) This seminar will discuss the ways in which the interpretation of Canadian history has changed from the mid-nineteenth century to the present. More specifically, the course will explore the implications which contemporary inquiries into class, race, and gender as forces in history have for national interpretations. Can the rise of the nation state be sustained as the most appropriate paradigm for the study of the Canadian experience in light of recent historiographical debates?

HIST-4600(6) TUTORIAL (T) This is a reading course in United States History taken by individual senior students with the Instructor of their choice. Prerequisites: Written permission from instructor and Department Chair.

HIST-4604(6) THE AGE OF REFORM IN THE UNITED STATES (S3) This course studies the problems of social and political reforms in the United States during the twentieth century.

HIST-4605(6) STUDIES IN INTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES (S3) An introduction to American thought from colonial times to the present; the interaction of ideas and behaviour and the role of various agencies of dissemination; the stress of ideologies upon American social and political life.

HIST-4610(6) THE ORIGINS OF THE CIVIL WAR IN THE UNITED STATES (S3) This seminar will examine the origins of the sectional conflict between North and South, the course of the war, and victory of the north. Themes to be explored may include the growth of Southern nationalism, the pre-war crisis of 1850-1860, Lincoln and the "first-shot," and the many disputes over war strategy. Students will be asked to evaluate the differing interpretations that historians have advanced on these issues and to develop their own interpretations in research papers.

HIST-4700(6) TUTORIAL (T) This is a reading course in African and Asian History, taken by individual senior students with the Instructor of their choice. Prerequisites: Written permission from instructor and Department Chair.

HIST-4703(6) POSTCOLONIAL INDIA (S3) This course examines aspects of Indian history in the period since 1947. Issues include the partition of the sub-continent in 1947, the period of Nehruvian socialism, the rise of the Hindu right, dalit politics, aboriginal/tribal secessionist movements, rural and urban poverty, environmental issues, the feminist movement, modern Indian art, architecture and cinema, labour and industrialization, education and economic liberalization.

HIST-4800(6) TUTORIAL (T) This is a reading course in History of Art, taken by individual senior students with the instructor of their choice. Prerequisites: Written permission from instructor and Department Chair.

HIST-4801(6) SPECIAL TOPICS IN ART HISTORY (S3) This is a seminar devoted to specific issues in or related to art history. The nature and range of topics will depend upon the Instructor written information about the course for any given year will be available to the student from any Art History Instructor.

HIST-4802(6) FRENCH ART AND CULTURE AROUND 1900 (S3) This seminar examines the dominant issues in France during the fin-de-siècle. Working within the critical categories of modernity and anti-modernity, the discussion topics include scientific and pseudo-scientific theories of degeneration, regeneration and evolution, constructs of the “natural,” the unconscious, psychology, and notions of hysteria and mediumship. The student seminars focus on how these ideas were reflected in French visual culture at the turn of the century.

HIST-4815(6) ART HISTORY AND EXHIBITION PRACTICE (S3) This course brings students into first hand contact with selected art objects in order to learn how to design and mount an exhibition. The class examines works in their social, historical, and artistic contexts, using primary sources and technical resources available locally whenever possible. Students learn the practical aspects of art historical work.

HIST-4830(6) THE HISTORY OF MUSEUMS AND COLLECTING (S3) Museums do more than just collect art objects, they display and produce culture. This course examines the collecting practices of Western museums, before and after the Enlightenment period, as well as the ideology behind collections. We investigate how museums developed along with the disciple of art history, and how both were dependent on nineteenth and twentieth century ideologies of nationalism and colonialism. Students study how artifacts and collections function in the construction of cultural and national identity. Collections from the Medieval, Renaissance and Modern periods may be studied, including European and North American museums and galleries.

HIST-4831(6) PRACTICUM IN CURATORIAL STUDIES (A6) This course combines the theory and practice of curatorial work, public history and experiential learning for students interested in achieving a university credit by working with a local museum or art gallery. The Practicum provides opportunities to explore a range of placements with host institutions in order to learn about being a curator. Students are expected to work 6-8 hours a week in the host institution. Program partners will provide training for the interns who have chosen to work with them. Partnerships opportunities include, but are not limited to Winnipeg Art Gallery, Plug In Contemporary Art Institute, Buhler Gallery, and other local galleries and museums.

HIST-4900(6) TUTORIAL (T) This is a reading course in the History of Science, taken by individual senior students with the Instructor of their choice. Prerequisites: Written permission from instructor and Department Chair.

HIST-4902(6) SELECTED TOPICS IN THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE (S3) This course studies specific topics in the History of Science (mostly post-Renaissance) with emphasis upon primary sources. This course does not fulfil the Science Requirement.

HIST-4910(6) THEMES IN THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE (S3) This seminar course examines various aspects of the history of medicine including: the development of the medical profession; the rise of nursing; the transformation of the hospital; the history of disease; and the growth of medical insurance and socialized medicine.

---

EXPERIMENTAL COURSES

Experimental Courses are new courses offered on a trial basis to gauge interest in various topics. Students who successfully complete any experimental course receive credit as indicated.

HIST-2125(3) EYEWITNESSES TO WORLD HISTORY (Le3) This lecture course explores modern World history through eyewitness accounts in the form of oral history testimonies. Oral histories are interviews with people about their lives. Using such first-person accounts, the course surveys women’s and men’s experiences of war, genocide, and state violence; work and globalization; discrimination and resistance; and forced and voluntary migration. Students work with oral history interviews in the form of transcripts and audio-visual media, and learn to critically examine them as forms of evidence, expressions of memory, constructions of identity, and negotiations of power relations.

HIST-2515(3) HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN WINNIPEG’S INNER CITY (Le3) This course examines the history of education in Winnipeg’s North End and broader inner city, from the early 20th century to today. Particular attention is paid to those who have come to be identified as the “Other”: eastern European immigrants early in the 20th century; Aboriginal people and newcomers today. The relationship between poverty and educational outcomes is closely examined. Also emphasized are innovative educational strategies that have emerged in the inner city and that have been demonstrated to work well in improving educational outcomes. Cross-listed: UIC-2515(3).

HIST-2525(3) EYEWITNESSES TO CANADIAN HISTORY (Le3) This lecture course explores modern Canadian history through eyewitness testimonies and other first-person accounts (so-called ego-documents) such as letters, diaries, and, in particular, oral histories. The course surveys Canadian experiences such as Aboriginal/non-Aboriginal relations, immigration and settlement experiences, the Great Depression and rural life, times of peace and war, women’s and workers’ perspectives, and refugees’ and minorities’ experiences of discrimination and resistance. Emphasis is placed on working with primary sources such as interviews, testimonies, eyewitness accounts, and memoirs.

HIST-2890(3) WAYS OF SEEING (S3) Images are all around us: on the internet, television, and our cell phones; in advertising, movies, galleries and museums. We view and respond to images in many different ways, and when we look at art we can see the structures of social and political ideologies that shape our culture.

HIST-3106(3) TOPICS IN CONTEMPORARY LATIN AMERICAN HISTORY (Le, S3) This course examines key issues and events in contemporary Latin American history based on the social, political, economic and cultural phenomena critical to their development. As a contemporary history course, the chronological emphasis is on the post-1945 period: each section is unique, and the topic will vary depending on the particular focus. Students have the opportunity to engage recent Latin American history, current regional and international issues, and the factors behind them, thereby promoting an understanding of the link between current events and historical causation. Students actively engage in methods of research, analysis, and problem-solving.

HIST-3124(3) A GLOBAL HISTORY OF SLAVERY, INDENTURED LABOUR AND SEXUALITY SINCE 1700 (Le, S3) This course is a global history of slavery and indentured labour from 1700 to the present that focuses on sexuality and gender. There are three sections comparing African slavery, Indian indentured labour migration and human trafficking in Asia and Western Europe in the last fifty years. Topics include gender and slavery in African societies, sex and the slave trade, African enslavement in the Caribbean and North America, abolitionist discourses, gender in the Indian indentured labour system in the Caribbean, Mauritius and Fiji, gendered approaches to peasant labour in India, the end of indenture, and human trafficking in Asia and Western Europe. Cross-listed: Human Rights Global Studies HRGS-3324(3).

HIST-3143(3) MIGRATION AND HUMAN RIGHTS (Le3) The course focuses on contemporary international migration in the context of the political, economic and financial crisis, both in sending and receiving countries. To understand the changing policy environment, the course offers case studies showing how the impact of the immigration restrictions and remittance reductions affect new political and economic decisions on both northern and southern local development. On the basis of these new situations, the course explores scenarios which are emerging or will emerge on international migration. Among other themes, the course addresses such issues as labour restrictions and deportations In the context of human rights. Cross-listed: Human Rights Global Studies HRGS-3140(3).

HIST-3144(3) HUMAN RIGHTS IN LATIN AMERICA (Le3) This course examines the evolution of Human Rights in Latin America as a fundamental dimension of the process of democratization initiated in the 1980s. It seeks to help students understand the obstacles to democratization against the background of a tradition of authoritarianism in Latin America. After a brief conceptual and historical introduction a number of paradigmatic cases are discussed. In doing so, three major actors concentrate our attention: (a) The State and the Armed Forces; (b) Social Movements and Civil Society; and (c) US foreign policy. Cross-listed: Human Rights Global Studies HRGS-3141(3).

HIST-3145(3) CLIMATE CHANGE AND HUMAN DISPLACEMENT (Le3) This course examines involuntary migration caused by climate change. Using both historical and contemporary cases, students discuss various weather conditions and events as major push factors on internal and international migration. Case studies focus on societies in the Andes, the Himalayas, and sub-Saharan Africa. Cross-listed: Human Rights Global Studies HRGS-3145(3).

HIST-3146(3) WOMEN AND CLIMATE CHANGE (Le3) This course discusses the link between women and climate change. Using both historical and contemporary cases, it examines the impact of climate change on women and their ability to develop short-term and long-term strategies of mitigation and adaptation. Contemporary cases will be drawn from Africa, Asia and the Peruvian Amazon, one of the most biologically and culturally endangered regions in the world. Cross-listed: Human Rights Global Studies HRGS-3146(3) and Women’s and Gender Studies WGS-3146(3).

HIST-3147(3) DEVELOPMENT, INDIGENOUS PROPERTY AND EXTRACTION (Le3) Since the beginning of European penetration of the Americas, socio-economic development based on Western models has produced the suppression and dispossession of indigenous peoples. In recent years, however, indigenous people have opposed the continuation of this historical injustice and launched projects to reclaim their birth rights. Focusing primarily on Peru, students in this course examine the historical record and contemporary opposition to such development. Cross-listed: Human Rights Global Studies HRGS-3147(3) and International Development Studies IDS-3147(3).

HIST-3310(3) TOPICS IN MODERN UKRAINIAN HISTORY (Le, S3) This lecture/seminar course examines selected topics in Ukrainian history from 1800 to the present. Possible topics include the place of Ukraine in the Habsburg and Russian Empires; Ukraine under the Soviet Union; interethnic relations in Twentieth-century Ukraine; the social and cultural impact of two world wars: Soviet social engineering; and society, culture, and politics in Ukraine after the collapse of the Soviet Union.

HIST-3312(3) / HIST-4312(3) EASTERN EUROPEAN HISTORY IN THE EASTERN EUROPEAN CITY (Le,V) Through an in-depth analysis of a particular East European city, a range of problems in East European history from the Middle Ages to the present is examined. Students learn about the histories of Medieval Rus’, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Habsburg Empire, the World Wars, and the Soviet Union, in their local urban dimension. Students visit museums and libraries and attend cultural events. Students registered in HIST-4312 do research projects using Lviv libraries and documentation centres. Additional Requirements: Students have to travel to Lviv, Ukraine, and stay there for the duration of this course.

HIST-3331(3) WORKHOUSE TO WELFARE STATE: BRITISH HEALTH CARE SINCE 1750 (S3) This course explores the history of national health care in Britain from 1750 to the present. It traces the shifting relationship between the public, private, and charitable sectors. The focus throughout is on government provision of care, particularly institutional care in workhouses, hospitals, and asylums, and its relation to social, economic, and political developments. It also pays close attention to the way in which class relations have influenced the provision of care in Britain. 

HIST-3523(3) ABORIGINAL WOMEN’S TWENTIETH CENTURY HISTORY (Le, S3) This course examines Métis, Inuit and First Nations women’s history in Canada from the late-nineteenth century to the turn of the twenty-first. It covers a variety of themes in the history of Aboriginal women in Canada, including health and education, formal and informal political organizing, and the interpretation of creative works such as art, music, and literature. Cross-listed: Women’s and Gender Studies WGS-3523(3).

HIST-3590(3) INDIGENOUS HEALTH HISTORY (Le, S3) This course introduces students to Indigenous health history focusing primarily on First Nations, Inuit and Métis experiences. Historical case studies will be drawn from the seventeenth to the twentieth centuries with a special emphasis on the impact of colonization on Indigenous medicine and Indigenous health in Canada. Cross-listed: Indigenous Studies IS-3590(3)

HIST-3827(3) ART HISTORY IN FOCUS II (Le, S3) This course offers students the opportunity for intensive study of a single artist’s work or artistic movement on whose work there is a significant body of art historical writing and criticism. Each time the course is offered the name of the artist or movement in focus is listed in the Timetable. This course may be repeated for credit when the topic varies.

HIST-4112(3) HISTORY OF THE ATLANTIC WORLD, 1450-1825 This seminar uses the concept of an Atlantic World to examine the connections between Europe, the Americas, and West Africa from the first wave of European overseas expansion (1450-1500) to the Age of the Atlantic Revolutions (1775-1825). Topics may include the concept of Atlantic history, cultural contacts, religious exchanges, slavery and the slave trade, ecology and environment, commerce, migration, women and gender, and political ideas.

HIST-4890(3) WOMEN, ART, AND CRAFT (S3) Art and craft have traditionally been defined along class and gender lines. The prestige of “high art” and “high craft” has privileged the male artist and marginalized the work of women. In any given year, and depending on the instructor, this course may focus on examples of material culture produced by women in Manitoba and participate in the preparation of a small exhibition. Students research the lives of the makers and the social and historical conditions for the production of such work in the light of feminist theories of interpretation.

HIST-4891(3) SPECIAL TOPICS IN VISUAL CULTURES (S3) This seminar is devoted to specific issues in art history or visual culture. In any given year, and depending on the instructor, this course may focus one or more individual artists, a particular movement or movements, or a theme related to visual culture. Please consult the History Office for information about specific offerings of the course. This course may be repeated for credit when the topic varies.